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Personal water craft
A personal water craft (PWC), also called water scooter, is a recreational watercraft that the rider sits or stands on, rather than inside of, as in a boat. PWCs have two style categories. The first and most popular being a "sit down", where the rider uses the watercraft mainly sitting down and typically holds two or more people. The second style is a "stand up", where the rider uses the watercraft standing up. The stand up styles are built for one rider and is used more for doing tricks, racing, and are used in competitions. Both styles have an inboard engine driving a pump jet that has a screw-shaped impeller to create thrust for propulsion and steering. They are often referred by the trademarked brand names Jet Ski, WaveRunner, or Sea-Doo. Most are designed for two or three people, though four-passenger models exist. The United States Coast Guard defines a personal watercraft, amongst other criteria, as a jet drive boat less than 13 feet (4 m) in length, in order to exclude from that definition more conventional sized jet boats.〔US Coast Guard "Annual Boating Statistics, 2006". (uscgboating.org )〕 There is a wide variety of "jet boats" many of which exceed 30–40 feet (9–12 m) in length.
==History==
Water scooters - as they were originally termed - were first developed in the United Kingdom and Europe in the mid-1950s, with models such as the British 200cc propellor-driven Vincent ''Amanda'', and the German ''Wave Roller''.〔(archive.wmlnj.org/var/www/TheWestfieldLeader/1956/1956-10-04/pg_0018.pdf ).〕〔(books.google.com/books?id=iSUDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA98&lpg=PA98 ).〕 Two thousand Vincent Amandas were exported to the United States, Europe, and Australasia.〔(www.voc.uk.com/net/docs/17/17-553-14.pdf ).〕 In the 1960s, the idea was developed further by Clayton Jacobson II of Byron Bay, Australia. Originally a motocross enthusiast,〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Massachusetts Institute of Technology )〕 Jacobson's idea was designed in the mid-1960s, powered by an internal pump-jet rather than an outboard motor,〔 made of all aluminum, and had a fixed, upright handle. Jacobson eventually quit his job in banking to devote himself to developing the idea, and had a working prototype by 1965. It differed slightly from modern personal watercraft but had definite similarities. He completed a second prototype a year later made of fiberglass.
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The first Clayton-type PWC to reach the market was designed by Bombardier in the late 1960s.〔(【引用サイトリンク】ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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